硫酸铜又名蓝矾、石胆，为透明的深蓝色结晶或粉末，溶于水，其溶液呈弱酸性。它是鱼病防治中常用的药品，可治疗鱼的原生寄生虫病，如体外寄生的鞭毛虫、纤毛虫、吸管虫、中华鱼蚤等。由于硫酸铜属重金属盐类，在其使用过程中，应注意以下几点：
Copper sulfate, also known as blue alum and stone gall, is a transparent dark blue crystal or powder, soluble in water, and its solution is weakly acidic. It is a commonly used medicine in the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, such as flagellates, ciliates, pipeworms, Chinese fish fleas and so on. As copper sulfate is a heavy metal salt, the following points should be paid attention to in the process of its use:
一、硫酸铜杀灭病原体的能力随着水体环境的变化而不同。一般来说，其毒性随着温度的升高而增强，随着pH值的增加、有机物的增多和食盐的存在而减小。因此用药量应根据水环境的具体情况而灵活掌握。
1、 The ability of copper sulfate to kill pathogens varies with the change of water environment. Generally speaking, its toxicity increases with the increase of temperature, and decreases with the increase of pH value, organic matter and salt. Therefore, the dosage should be controlled flexibly according to the specific situation of water environment.
二、硫酸铜的安全浓度范围较小。一般使用时，浓度为0.5ppm～0.7ppm的硫酸铜全池泼洒或用浓度为8ppm的硫酸铜浸浴20分钟～30分钟。因此，使用时要准确测量养殖用水的体积，正确计算用药量。
2、 The safe concentration range of copper sulfate is small. In general, the concentration of 0.5ppm-0.7ppm copper sulfate is poured in the whole pool or soaked in 8ppm copper sulfate for 20-30 minutes. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately measure the volume of aquaculture water and calculate the dosage correctly.
三、硫酸铜过量会引起鱼类shen组织坏死、造血组织破坏、肝脂肪增加，同时还可能残留在鱼类的鳃、肌肉和肝内，妨碍肠道的吸收，从而影响鱼类的摄食和生长，故不能经常使用。
3、 Excessive copper sulfate can cause necrosis of renal tissue, destruction of hematopoietic tissue and increase of liver fat in fish. At the same time, it may remain in the gills, muscles and liver of fish, hindering the absorption of intestinal tract, thus affecting the feeding and growth of fish, so it can not be used frequently.